What is defined as malicious software intended to harm a computer?

Malware is a broad category that encompasses any software designed specifically to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems. This definition includes various types of malicious software, making "malware" the overarching term for such programs. Within this category, there are specific classifications like adware, spyware, and ransomware, each with distinct functionalities and goals.

Adware, for example, primarily focuses on displaying advertisements on a system, often without the user’s consent, but it does not inherently aim to cause damage. Spyware is designed to monitor user activities and collect sensitive information, which can lead to privacy breaches but is not solely harmful. Ransomware is a specific type of malware that locks users out of their files or devices and demands a ransom to restore access, emphasizing its malicious intent but still falling under the broader malware category.

Understanding that malware refers to all forms of software designed to cause damage provides clarity to distinguishing between its various forms and their specific actions.