What type of device provides power to a computer and allows it to be safely shut down in the event of a power loss?

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is the device that provides power to a computer during a power outage, which allows the user to save work and safely shut down the system. It serves as a backup power source, typically using batteries to maintain power when the main supply fails. This feature is critical because it helps prevent data loss and hardware damage that can occur if a computer shuts down unexpectedly due to a loss of power.

While surge protectors and power strips are essential for protecting devices and providing multiple outlets for electricity, they do not offer backup power in case of outages. Surge protectors primarily prevent power surges from damaging equipment. A battery backup unit may sound similar, but it doesn't necessarily imply the same functionality as a UPS, which usually incorporates a battery and system for managing power to ensure a safe shutdown process during interruptions. Thus, the uninterruptible power supply is correctly identified as the option that fulfills both critical functions of providing power and allowing a safe shutdown during power failures.